Your thirst and hunger centers tell you that you are dehydrated and Assignment

Your thirst and hunger centers tell you that you are dehydrated and hungry - Assignment Example Your starting point should be anatomical position. Instructions: (Part 1) Specify the movements, muscles, bones, and joints involved in reaching for the glass and bringing it to your mouth. As in the previous Application Assignment, explain any and all movements individually across each joint involved specifying the actions involved (i.e. flexion, extension, etc.), the muscles causing such actions, the bones being pulled on by said muscles, the types of joints involved, and how these movements collectively relate to the overall scenario/movements in this application. (Part 2) Trace the path of the water from the mouth to the urethra, listing the path in as much detail as possible. Be very specific and very detailed. Your answer should include both the digestive and renal systems. (Part 3) You finally go in for some chicken wings. Specify the movements, muscles, bones and joints involved in opening your mouth and chewing those scrumptious wings. Once again, explain any and all movemen ts individually across each joint involved specifying the actions involved (i.e. flexion, extension, etc.), the muscles causing such actions, the bones being pulled on by said muscles, the types of joints involved, and how these movements collectively relate to the overall scenario/movements in this application. (Part 4) Trace the path of â€Å"the wings† from the mouth to the anus, listing the path in as much detail as possible. ... Then, the palm is placed on glass, grip is fastened by closing the fingers (phalanges) and glass is taken to the mouth for drinking with the help of elbow joint and articulations of three bones namely the humerus, radius, and ulna. Part 2: Water enters the mouth and flows through the pharynx. From pharynx into esophagus and finally it enters the stomach, where is mixed with the rest of the food. Leaving stomach through pylorus, into 12-inch long beginning part of bowel, where most of it is absorbed into the arterial blood stream, through tentacle-shaped absorbing part of the bowel. After entering the blood stream, water is adsorbed into the cells, where it accumulates cell excretions. Then this water enters the venal blood stream that is sent to the kidneys through the heart. However this is not done immediately as most of the water still circulates in the body until it has accumulated enough wastes to be released in the kidneys. Then it goes to the blood filtration part inside the k idney, where blood elements remain in blood stream, and water with Impurities is expelled from the blood stream. That "waste water" is collected in bladder, until enough amount is collected to be economically released, through urethra. Part 3: The mandible is the only movable part in the human skull, which plays a vital role in the act of chewing also known as mastication. The muscles involved are collectedly referred to as muscles of mastication. To chew the chicken wings, initially the Lateral Pterygoid Muscle helps to depress and protrude the mandible forward, which opens the jaw. Then Masseter muscle, temporalis muscle and Medial Pterygoid muscle help to retract and elevate the mandible

Memory Units And Memory Hierarchy

Memory Units And Memory Hierarchy Memory organisation is combination of several memory devices efficiently. Memory devices are combined and organised based on their characteristic such as access time, speed, storage capacity, physical size and cost per byte. Memory devices organised in such a way that computer system should operate at highest speed, provide bulky storage capacity, smaller in size and less in a cost. Memory organisation uses primary memory devices and secondary memory devices. 3.2 Memory Unit Memory unit is storage unit of the computer system. It stores content such as instructions (codes) and data for temporary or permanent purpose. It is used to stores content and to retrieves the content when needed by CPU or user. Memory unit includes two types of memory: primary (main) and secondary. Instruction or data given by input devices is first getting stored in the primary memory. Further users saves processed (executed) data in the secondary memory. Primary memory is volatile (temporary). It is faster than secondary memory. It includes RAM and ROM. It is directly accessible by CPU. Secondary memory is non-volatile (permanent). It includes several secondary storage devices such as Hard Disk Drive (HDD), Floppy Disk Drive (FDD), CDROM, and DVD and so on. Figure 3.1 shows memory unit and communication line with other units. Note: Volatile memory loses its content when computer loses power. In non-volatile memory power loss of computer does not affects content. Input Unit Process Unit Output Unit Primary Memory Secondary Memory Memory Unit 3.3 Memory hierarchy Memory organisation includes various memory devices. These devises are structured in a hierarchy based on the characteristics of memory devices. Memory hierarchy explains the sequence of accessing memory device while processing, in the computer system. Memory is structured in the hierarchy in such a way that computer system should give excellent performance. Figure 3.2 shows Memory hierarchy. Hierarchy is made on the basis of characteristics of memory, they are listed as follow: Access Time Time taken by memory to read or write data. It is measured in milliseconds (ms) or in nanoseconds (ns). Memory size It is amount of memory. Measured in KB, MB, GB or TB. Cost per byte It is cost required to access per byte. Transfer bandwidth It is speed of the memory. It measured in MHz, GHz. Unit of transfer Data transfer rate. Measured in Kbps, Mbps or Gbps. Increasing speed and cost per bit dcreeasing sisize Registers in CPU Level one cache Level two cache Main memory Virtual Memory Increasing Size, decreasing speed and cost capacity Secondary Storage devices Figure 3.2 Memory Hierarchy Memory hierarchy includes CPU registers on the top. Register provides fastest data access and it is one of the most expensive memory location. Second and third levels are level-1 and level-2 cache respectively. The level one cache is small in size (4 KB to 32 KB) though much larger than register. It is fixed on CPU chip so user can not expand. The level-2 cache is present on some CPUs only. It is much larger than level-1 cache. User can not expand it as it is fixed on CPU chip but it is cheaper than level-1 cache. Virtual memory is part of disk drive, which simulates to Random Access Memory (RAM). Disk drives are less expensive; so cost per bit is significantly less. Secondary storage devices are such as Hard Disk Drive (HDD), Floppy Disk Drive (FDD), Compact Disk Read Only Memory (CDROM), Digital Versatile Disk (DVD) and tape drives. It is bit slower. 3.4 Memory types Basic purpose of memory is to store content. Still memory is available in different types. Basic type of memory is primary memory and secondary memory. Types are made based on memory characteristics and its role in the computer system. Primary memory is the first memory used by CPU, so it should be faster and easily accessible. To make primary memory as per the requirement, memory organisation includes RAM and ROM as primary memory. The main use of secondary memory is use to store users data permanently. Speed of secondary memory can be compromised, but storage capacity should be excellent. So memory organisation includes HDD, FDD, and CDROM and so on as a secondary memory. Figure 3.2 shows types of memory. 3.4.1 Primary Memory Primary memory is access directly by CPU. Primary divided in to two types RAM and ROM. Primary memory should be faster and easily accessible. RAM RAM is a primary memory used in the computer. RAM is the main memory of the computer system. It is volatile since its content is accessible only as long as the computer is ON. The content of RAM is cleared as soon as computer is powered OFF. It is at third place in the memory hierarchy. Operating system, application program and running data are loaded in the RAM. CPU directly accesses the RAM. Types of RAM are as follows: Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) SRAM is made with several transistors, usually four to six, for each memory cell. It does not require refresh time as capacitors are not used. It is much faster and costlier than DRAM. Computer system use SRAM as cache memory. DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory) It has memory cells with a paired transistor; it uses capacitor, as capacitors slowly leaks with as they stared discharging, so need periodic refresh. It is slower and chippers than SRAM. It is much denser (stores many bits per chip). It requires less power and generates less heat as compared to the SRAM. DRAM is available in several forms such as SDRAM, then DDRAM to RDRAM. Read Only Memory (ROM) ROM is non-volatile primary memory. Data written on ROM can not delete or overwrite. Data is burned on the ROM as firmware. ROM memory is used in the computer system to write firmware for example BIOS program. Types of ROM are as follows: Programmable read-only memory (PROM) This type of memory is one time written memory. Once program is written can not be change. Erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM) Data written on EPROM can be erased. Ultraviolet is used to erase the data written on PROM. Electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM) It is same as EPROM but to erase data entirely it requires electrical signal. So not require to remove from computer. Data can be erased or over written it the computer itself. 3.4.2 Secondary Memory A secondary memory is non-volatile. Secondary memory used to save users data permanently. Devices used as secondary memory are HDD, FDD, CD, DVD, Tape drives and so on. Secondary memory is at sixth place in the memory hierarchy. Devices used as secondary memory are listed as follows: Floppy Disk Drives (FDD) Used as magnetic, portable memory device. It stores maximum 1.44 MB data. Earlier it used to transfer data among computer systems. Hard Disk Drives (HDD) HDD is fixed, magnetic memory device. It is vital in the computer system because Operating System and users data is saved on the HDD. Storage capacity of HDD is vendor specific. CDROM and DVDROM Are optical memory units used for transferring data and programs among the computers. CDs are available in the size 650MB, DVDs are available up to 4 GB in a size. Tape drives Are usually used for data backup purpose. 3.6 Cache Memory The cache is small amount of memory with high speed. Cache memory keeps data and code (introductions) that are used by CPU often. Use of cache memory reduced the waiting time of CPU that makes CPU more effective. SRAM is used to create cache memory. SRAM does not required refresh as it does not use capacitors as DRAM, it is 10 times faster than DRAM. Cache is of two types Level-1 that is placed ion the CPU. Level 2 cache is optional some processors have this type of memory that is some time placed inside the CPU or placed near by CPU. To execute next instruction, CPU first check cache memory for the same instruction if that instruction is not available then it goes further. Note: DRAM is made up of capacitors which need constant refreshing to preserve data. SRAM uses flip-flop circuit that does not require refresh. 3.6.1 Cache line replacement Algorithms While a new line is loaded in the cache, one of the existing lines must be replaced. Direct mapped cache, same block from line is removed take place for new one. In associative cache, it can search for another place. Four of the most common line replacement algorithms are as follows: LRU (Lease Recently Used) the cache line that was last referenced in the most distance past is replaced. FIFO (First In First Out) the cache line from the set that was loaded in the most distant past is replaced. LFU ( Least Frequently Used) the cache line that has been referenced the times is replaced. Random a randomly selected line from cache is replaced. Note: The most commonly used algorithm is LRU. Cache Terminology Cache use few terminology for operation are as follows: Hit A cache access finds data the cache memory Miss A cache access does not find data or instruction, forcing access to next memory down in memory hierarchy. Miss ratio Percent of misses to data compared to all accesses. Hit access time Number of clocks to return a cache hit Miss penalty Number of clocks to process a cache miss. Virtual Memory Operating system enables a process through which space of hard disk drive can be simulate to RAM. The HDD space used as RAM is known a Virtual Memory. As cost per byte of HDD is less, so virtual memory is beneficial to run many large programs that need more memory. Access time of RAM is in nanoseconds but virtual memory gives access time in milliseconds. It is much slower than RAM. Figure 5.1 shows operation of virtual memory. Virtual memory uses paging and segmentation terminologies. Terms used by paging are as follows: Virtual address- Address used by application program from virtual memory. It is composed of page number and page offset. Physical address Address of physical memory. Page virtual space divided into fixed-size pages. Frame Physical memory divided into fixed frames size. MMU Memory Management Unit (MMU) used to map virtual address to physical address. Page table Each process has its own page table. Each page table entry contains the frame number of the corresponding page in main memory Figure 3.4 Virtual memory operations 3.8 Chapter Review Questions Which of the following is primary volatile memory? (A) RAM (C) ROM (B) HDD (D) FDD Ans: A Which among the following are magnetic storage devices? (A) HDD (C) FDD (B) CDROM (D) DVDROM Ans: A and C Maximum storage capacity FDD is - (A) 2GB (C) 2.44 MB (B) 1.44MB (D) None of these Ans: B A  ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­____ is used as cache memory in the computer system. (A) SRAM (C) DRAM (B) SDRAM (D) ROM Ans: A Which of the following is primary non-volatile memory? (A) Cache (C) ROM (B) Virtual (D) None of these Ans: C Which of the following ROMs content can be deleted using ultraviolet? (A) PROM (C) EPROM (B) ROM (D) EEPROM Ans: C Virtual memory is concept of (A) Using HDD space as RAM (C) Using FDD space as a RAM (B) Logical based (D) Protocol based Ans: A 8. In the memory hierarchy which memory is at first level? (A) Register (C) L1 cache (B) L2 cache (D) None of these Ans: A 9. Which memory takes second place in the memory hierarchy? (A) L1 cache (C) L2 cache (B) ROM (D) HDD Ans: B 10. MMU stands for (A) Memory Mixture unit (C) Memory Management Unit (B) Memory measurement Unit (D) None of these Ans: C 3.8.1 Answers 1. A 2. A and C 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. C 7. A 8. A 9. B 10. C Summary In the chapter, Memory Organisation, you learnt about: Different memory units and its types. Memory hierarchy based on memory characteristics. Cache and its replacement algorithm. Virtual memory and paging.

The Confident Man or Woman :: College Admissions Essays

The Confident Man or Woman I'm one of those people that are never satisfied. That's not to say that I don't enjoy life, far from it. It's more that I am always analysing, thinking and predicting. The outcome of all this, is that I like to try different ways of doing things. Sometimes the new way doesn't work, sometimes it does and I try to bed it down before moving on to the next improvement. Perhaps, part of the reason I am this way is that I'm task oriented, (a psych term if ever there was one). As a rule, I don't care how I get there, but once I set myself a goal, I don't stop till it's achieved. I rarely think about ego, my own or anyone else's, nor do I tend to worry about people's feelings. This has dropped me in a lot of hot water, both in my private life and at school. I say that something is not going to plan and therefore needs to be fixed and the person responsible for that thing invariable takes offence. Clearly I am calling into question their right to exist as a human being. Why are so many people so thin skinned? If I don't feel anything negative towards someone, and therefore no hint of sarcasm or accusation should enter my words, and I am stating nothing but facts and agreed objectives, where is the justification to take offence? Are we so far down the road to political correctness that we can no longer even talk about areas that need work, without being accused of being insensitive, authoritative, etcetera? As another example, while playing tennis doubles I ask my partner to cover more of the centre-court when I am receiving. I explain that the server has a wide angle serve which is forcing me to return from outside of the court entirely. Do I get a nod of agreement and a more effective team? No. I get hostility because the message inferred was that my partner was not pulling her weight or was responsible for the last point lost or some other imagined insult.

The Burke-Litwin Casual model

Burke-Litwin Casual model is a model used by organizations to monitor organizational operations in terms of change and performance levels. The founders of the model were Litwin and some other people. In the 1980s Burke made the model more refined than they did (Burke & Litwin, 1992). Burke added some variables that make the model different from other models that had been in use. Burke-Litwin casual model is the latest model, more useful to organizations. The model has defined various variables that organizations should use for assessing their performances and changes. AT & T Structure.According to Burke-Litwin model, firms should have sound infrastructure systems such as duties and responsibilities, reports and authorities, communication and socialization that are geared towards meeting the organizations goals, strategies and missions. AT & T Corporation is a company that was established in the 1885. The company mission is to provide telecommunication services locally and internation ally. Their business strategy is to be efficient, affordable and competitive in the telecommunication sector as they maximize customer satisfaction. (Horton & Dorman, 2005).The company has been a provider of quality and highly reliable communication services for centuries. AT & T is well known for its wide range internet and multimedia services to both consumers and businesses worldwide. AT & T has more than two million customers in both private and governmental organizations, and in the domestic and international markets. AT&T applies departments and mechanistic style of management. The company is highly reputable in long distance communication services for both businesses and consumers all over the world. The structure of AT&T fits well with the Burke-Litwin model. (Horton & Dorman, 2005). Tasks and SkillsAccording to Burke & Litwin model, there are specific qualities and capabilities required for a person to fit in a given position (Burke & Litwin, 1992). An organization in busin ess should therefore check on that when recruiting members. AT & T emphasizes on high skilled staff to provide quality services to the customer. The company has highly invested on technology, innovations, high skills and dedicated customer care. These are the core competence factors. Dedicated customer care has attracted an increased number of customers and integrated network as a technology use has made AT & T to improve on communication services (Horton & Dorman).These factors makes AT & T fit the Burke & Litwin model Management practices According to Burke & Litwin (1992), organizations should assess how the managers deal with the other workers. For a success the employees should be given a chance to participate fully in developing an organization. In AT &T employees are allowed to take part in the production processes depending on which area they are specialized in. The organization calls for a teamwork and dedication. The management has always believed on partnerships to make t hem achieve their goals (Horton & Dorman, 2005).For instance they partnered with CBS hence a participatory management. This fits with the Burke & Litwin model. Systems and Policies Systems are the policies and mechanisms used in an organization as standards to facilitate quality improvements. These may include communication, sales and marketing, production methods (Burke & Litwin, 2005). According to Horton & Dorman (2005), AT & T believes on quality productions to satisfy the customers, hence the need for employing high skilled people. Sales and marketing is done by the sales and marketing team to sell the products.AT & T has specific charges for the customer services and also offer customized or personalized services to earn revenue. This is according to the Burke & Litwin model. Work unit climate This is the impression given by the members of an organization towards the organizational performance. This will in return influence their interrelationship (Burke & Litwin, 2005). AT & T Company has no specific social structures. AT & T has always considered employing domestic workers in large numbers as compared to the international.The company always outsourced rather than train the workers for such services (Horton & Dorman, 2005). This will make the employees feel a sense of belonging and be committed to their work. This doesn’t fit with the Burke & Litwin model. Motivation According to Burke & Litwin (2005), this is an inward driving force that makes one take the recommended actions to achieve a required goal. Howard (1994), employees’ satisfaction will directly affect customer satisfaction. AT & T has no plans in place to ensure the employees are well catered for. The employees are not recognized to be rewarded for good performances.This may make some of them loss focus on their responsibilities (Horton & Dorman, 2005). This doesn’t fit with the Burke & Litwin model. Conclusion. AT & T has a functional or product departmentation structur e. This is because the company has its departments arranged according to the functions they offer like sales and marketing. The departments are also arranged depending products they produce for instance consumer products in consumer services department or segment (Horton & Dorman, 2005). AT & T has a culture for their operations to meet customer satisfaction and always work in partnership for quality.Through quality products, AT & T improved on the revenue (Denison, 1990). Reference: Burke, W. W. & Litwin, G. H. (1992), A causal model of organizational performance and change. Journal of Management, 18 (3), pp. 523-545. Denison, D. R. (1990), Corporate culture and organizational effectiveness. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons. Horton, W. T. and Dorman, D. W. (2005), AT & T Corporation. Securities and Exchange Commission Washington, DC 20549. From 10-K/A. Howard, A. (Ed. ) (1994), Diagnosis for organizational change: Methods and models. New York, NY: The Guilford Press.

All State Case Study Essay

How does a company known for being conservative attract a non-conservative target market? Since being the founded in 1931, Allstate has been one of the leading companies in the insurance business acting as a leader in sales while remaining vocal about increasing safety processes. Starting in the 1960’s Allstate began promoting the customers safety by playing a role in convincing governments to make seatbelts mandatory and then again in the 70’s to 80’s in promoting airbags. Allstate’s motto â€Å"You’re in good hands† along with their ability to remain in a positive public light for many years has provided the confidence customers want in an insurance company. Allstate offers many types of insurance including home, rental, auto, life in addition to various recreational vehicles, motorcycles included. Slide 3-29 Estimating Current Demand: Total Market Potential With 9 million motorcyclists registered in this country this became a market that Allstate developed a heightened interested in targeting. After initial data collection they determined that they only provided insurance to a single digit percentage of this market. They began their campaign by simply trying to create awareness that they sold motorcycle insurance. The number of registered motorcyclists along with registered bikes would allow Allstate to help determine their total market potential. As many motorcyclists own multiple bikes this would need to be accounted for in estimating the potential number of buyers. Industry sales would then need to be looked at as not every motorcycle owner purchases motorcycle insurance, whether they are currently not using their bike or due to a disbelief in the need for insurance in general. This additional data could also be provided from surveys of buyer’s intentions targeted at those with a motorcycle license or those who have recently purchased a motorcycle. Slide 3-7 Database Management Marketing and selling insurance is very different beast from marketing retail products. Retail products typically can be marketed to offer something new to an individual that they don’t already have or to replace their current stuff with a newer versions. On the contrary once a customer has purchased insurance they do not make a change until they are either unhappy or a new offer is enticing enough to attract a customer to switch providers. Due to Allstate current customer profile they already have the ability to reach out, collect data and market to their 1.5 million motorcycle owners who were already clients for other types of insurance. (Elliot, 2008) By providing a package deal with other insurance policies purchased through Allstate they are able to market internally and increase sales to those that are already loyal customers. Slide 3-11 Needs and Trends As times have changed and gas prices continue to rise, along with our population, consumers have begun to switch from the larger vehicles to more gas efficient choices that allows them the freedom to commute in the car pool lane. Motorcyclists who initially rode solely for pleasure began using their more cost effective motorcycles as part of their daily commute. These factors have played a role in the increasing trend of motorcycle sales for the past decade. As these sales have remained elevated, this market has solidified its move to become a predictable and durable trend rather than a fad. Due to the concern that our current primary fuel source, oil, is finite and nonrenewable, we face substantial cost increases as depletion approaches. (Kotler & Keller, 2012) As the population continues to grow our highways also become more congested, increasing our commute time. In most Asian countries, with some of the more dense populations the main individual vehicle choice is the motorcycle. (Ing, H. T.-P., Eng, A.F.M.S. & Ing, N.X.D, 2008) In time we may see our country following this trend and this may eventually transform our transportation industry resulting in motorcycle sales becoming a Mega Trend. Slide 3-21 Natural Environments As of Motorcycle Industry Council’s most recent report, scooter sales are up 11.8% and dual-purpose bike sales are up 14.2%. (MIC, 2012) With the purchase of any of these types of bikes also comes a need for motorcycle insurance. The target population for these types of bikes are individuals looking for fuel efficiency, commute cost savings while still choosing a comfortable, more visible motorcycle or a less aggressive scooter. This target population fits into the Allstate’s current philosophy focusing on safety. Allstate’s website promotes the use of safety gear while riding and offers a good rider discount. According to the case study the increased sales are also accounted to the Baby Boomers and Generation Y consumers. Both these generations respond well to living green and are highly environmentally conscious along with image conscious. (Williams, K.K & Page, R.A) Slides: 4-11 Research Approaches, 4-30 Contact Methods & 4-31 Pro’s and Con’s of Online Research On the realization that this was an untapped market, Allstate did a wonderful job at reaching out to motorcyclists and determining how to target this population. Firstly, as Allstate found many of their staff were motorcycle riders themselves which allowed Allstate to start with their own internal focus groups. They then began their own website which was targeted exclusively to motorcycles in addition to sponsoring motorcycle rallies. (Helm, B. 2007) Motorcyclists are a tight community and communicate a great deal now through internet forums. Allstate has begun to play a role in this by providing their own forum and including their own employees. This provides them the ability to communicate directly with their consumers through a quick, cost efficient method. This also allows them to target individuals who are at a high likelihood of becoming potential customers and increases their ability to run quick surveys, whether determining user’s intention to buy or their opinion of Allstate versus other insurance providers. The other contact method that they have used in their sponsorship of motorcycle rallies has worked very well for Allstate’s competitor, Progressive. Progressive has been a longtime sponsor of the International Motorcycle Shows which allows them to advertise directly on their website and they makes them the first booth each visitor sees on attending the show. Immediately on arrival each visitor receives a business card to scan for free prizes which include various types of merchandise with Progressive’s logo. This marketing strategy has increased consumer association with their company name when asked where to buy motorcycle insurance. Allstate’s steps to enter the growing Motorcycle industry has not happened overnight however as it continues to grow their sales are likely to expand as well with their ability to attract the new conservative motorcyclists.

Female genital mutilation

Female genital mutilation Female genital mutilation is defined by the World Health Organization as a procedure that involves partial or total removal of the external female genitalia for no medical reasons. It is carried out without anesthesia and may involve injury of the genital area. This practice is usually carried out on girls who have just reached puberty or are a few days old into puberty.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Female genital mutilation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The practice is usually carried out by a traditional circumciser or a person who is experienced in doing the mutilation in a traditional non-medical setting. The cut is made using a knife, scissors or razor blade. This practice is common in Western, Northern and Eastern parts of Africa and some parts of Asia and the Middle East. It is also practiced among some immigrant communities in Europe, Australia and North America. It is estimated that approximately 100-140 million girls around the world have undergone female genital mutilation. Out of the 140 million, 92 million are from Africa (Gruenbaum, 2001). There are four types of female genital mutilation. However, only three of the four types are commonly practiced. Type I involves removal of the clitoral hood. Usually this also involves removal of the clitoris itself. Type II involves removal of the clitoris and the inner labia while type three involves removal of the inner and outer labia, the clitoris, and stitching of the wound leaving a small hole for the passage of urine and menstrual blood. The stitches only come off during sexual intercourse and child birth. This usually involves tearing and bleeding. Type III is the most common of the procedures and is usually practiced in several countries such as Sudan, Somalia and Djibouti. Type IV involves symbolic pricking of the clitoris or labia or cutting of the vagina to widen it (Gollaher, 2000). Rationale Female genital mutilation i s considered to be a violation of the human rights of the girl child hence the reason for choosing this topic. Issues that have been raised about the practice focus on the human rights violations, lack of informed consent and health risks. Health risks include issues such as recurrent vaginal and urethral tract infections. In addition, complications during child birth are likely to occur. Several countries have made efforts to stop the practice following health concerns and medical risks associated with the practice. Previous studies An observation that 90% of Eritrean women had undergone circumcision in 2002 sparked an interest in understanding the trends, factors that lead to female genital mutilation and its consequences. This study used data collected from the 2002 Egypt Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) and the 2003 Female Genital Mutilation to determine factors that influence mothers to take their daughters through the practice and attitudes towards the practice (Woldmicael , 2009).Advertising Looking for term paper on anthropology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The findings of the study found that female genital mutilation was more common among older women than it was among the younger ones. The younger women were less likely to take their daughters through the female genital mutilation process than the older women. The study also revealed that 89% of Eritrean women had undergone the practice. 39% had undergone the type III genital mutilation which is the most severe of the 4 types. When it comes to religion, neither Christianity nor Islam seems to have any significant influence on the practice (Woldmicael, 2009). The findings show that even the least severe form of genital mutilation leads to complications during birth and puts the victim at risk of other health complications. This study also showed that social acceptance also favored the practice. The practice is considered to be a n honor and earns the family respect. It also increases the girl’s chances of getting married. The society also believes that genital mutilation controls sexual promiscuity, protects the girl from potential seducers and rapists and also preserves her virginity (Woldmicael, 2009). The study shows that female genital mutilation is being practiced in parts of this world and therefore strategies to combat it have been put in place. However, for a practice that is considered to be a violation of human rights of the girl child, it is still being practiced among some communities. Governments have been urged to implement laws that incriminate this practice in regions where it is being practiced. However, it is very difficult to implement the law if the practice is a widely accepted vice. Very little research has been done in trying to establish why the practice still exists even when those who practice it have been educated and sensitized on the issue. Therefore this study will inves tigate further on the existing socio-cultural dynamics of female genital mutilation. Approaches to the study The most common question is why those who practice female genital mutilation actually do it. Some people have condemned the practice while others simply have tried to understand the practice. It is however important to understand the cultural history of the practice if one is to be able to understand the cultural dynamics. Most people attribute the practice to Islam but it has been shown that religion does not play a part in the practice. Several customs and beliefs contribute to female genital mutilation and these customs are often hard to get rid of.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Female genital mutilation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In Sudan, for instance, it is believed that the campaign against FGM was a sure way of changing women’s consciousness. If a woman allowed her genitals to be r emoved, a heightened level of motherhood is achieved because it would not be tainted by sexuality. As a result she earns respect in the community. She also becomes empowered because by going through the process, she gets to earn respect from society (Shell-Duncan Hernland, 2000). Other societies regard uncircumcised women to be unclean and unfit to handle food and water. Their status as a mother is regarded to be impure and is often looked down upon. Some communities believe that if a woman is not circumcised then her genitals will continue to grow and dangle in between her legs. In addition, they believe that if a man’s penis came into contact with a woman’s clitoris, he would die. Similarly, if a baby’s head came into contact with the clitoris, it would also die (Boyle, 2002). Conclusion Female genital mutilation is an issue that needs to be addressed in the world today. Statistics have shown that a good percentage of women around the world have suffered a ty pe of female genital mutilation. This has struck controversy among human rights groups such as Amnesty international. Ways of trying to curb the practice have been proposed and in most parts of the world have been implemented. However, the practice is still persistent in our present day society. Understanding the cultural dynamics behind it is very important if we are to completely eradicate female genital mutilation. Therefore, this is a gap that needs to be researched on in order to be able to fully understand this practice as well as try to completely eradicate it. Reference Boyle, E. H. (2002). Female Genital Cutting: Cultural Conflict in the Global Community. Johns Hopkins University Press. Gollaher, D (2000). Female Circumcision Circumcision: A History of the Worlds Most Controversial Surgery. Basic Books. Gruenbaum, E. (2001) The Female Circumcision Controversy. University of Pennsylvania Press.Advertising Looking for term paper on anthropology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Shell-Duncan, B Hernlund, Y (eds). (2000) Female Circumcision in Africa. Lynne Rienner Publishers Woldemicael, G. (2009). Female Genital Cutting in Contemporary Eritrea: Determinants, Future Prospects and Strategies for Eradication. A journal on Eastern Africa Social Science Research Review, 25(2): 1-29

WATERGATE Essays - Watergate Scandal, Richard Nixon, Free Essays

WATERGATE Essays - Watergate Scandal, Richard Nixon, Free Essays WATERGATE President Ricmard M. Nixon is refereed to as one of the most controversial presidents in the history of the United States of America. He is synonymous with this title, because of his involvement in the great "Watergate" scandal. It all started with the election of 1972, Nixon's bid for a second term of presidency. In his attempt at re-election, Nixon took on a different strategy than any other re-election campaign of the past. Instead of using the usual Republican National Committee for re-election, President Nixon divided his campaign into two separate committees. These two committees were named , the Committee for re-election of the president, headed by Attorney General , John Mitchell, and the finance committee to re-elect the president, headed by Secretary of Commerce, Maurice Stans. "Together these committees managed to raise over sixty million dollars for the president' campaign." (Sam J. Ervin, The Whole Truth, pg.36) The work of these two committees enabled Nixon to defeat democrat nominee, George S. McGovern, by a landslide. This decision, by Nixon, would, in the future prove to be the beginning of the end for a good old "Tricky Dick". In his second term, Nixon was known to be positively involved with foreign affairs. "For example, he worked out an agreement with Vietnam to order a stoppage of the war and commence a prisoner exchange program in 1973." (World Book, Nixon, Vol 17) Also in 1973, he worked hard to improve relations with China. His attempts allowed us to open diplomatic office in their capital and they in ours. His events at home also included many positive advancements. His major accomplishment was ending the military draft in 1973. Many of his efforts were thwarted by his inability to work cooperatively with congress. This began with his refusal to approve of a program, spending billions of dollars on projects created by congress. "In return, they refused to support his bombing of Kampuchea, which Nixon said was needed to prevent a communist takeover on their government." (Sam J. Ervin, The Whole Truth, pg. 79) In addition, congress also disagreed with a resolution introduced by President Nixon to reduce the war powers of the president. This resolution was the strongest action ever taken to spell out the war-making powers of congress and the President. Along with these problems, Nixon also had to endure economic setbacks. In January, 1973, he ended most of the government required limits that had been placed on wage and price increases in 1971, but prices still ballooned. Another brief use of controls resulted in a shortage of beef and other foods. By the end of 1973, inflation had risen to 8.8 percent nationally, the largest increase in any year since 1947. Also in 1973, a fuel shortage hit the nation. It led to reduce supplies of oil for home heating and industry, and to a form of gasoline. In 1974, congress approved Nixon's proposal to establish a Federal Energy Administration to deal with the energy shortage. As you can see, President Nixon had a very eventful term. The whole Watergate controversy came about in 1973, when many Nixon employees were arrested and convicted for the burglary of the democratic headquarters in the Watergate Building Complex in 1972. Two of the major figures of the case were James McCord and Gordon Liddy, two figureheads of Nixon's Committee for re-election of the President. Also, information linking many top White House aids to the break-in of Watergate or attempting to hide information concerning it, was released in 1973. This did not look good for our president, but he still denied involvement with the break-in and ordered an investigation. Nixon thought that he could walk right through this investigation unharmed, but he would find later that he had another thing coming. Archibald Cox, a Harvard law professor, was appointed to head the investigation. The chief witness in the case would turn out to be Nixon's own former counsel, John W. Dean. Upon questioning Dean, Cox learned of Nixon's awareness of the cover-up of the Watergate break-in. For his involvement, Dean served four months of a four year sentence that was handed to him. Also during the investigation, the Senate investigation committee learned of recordings of conversations that Nixon made

Free Essay Editing

Free Essay Editing Free Essay Editing Free Essay Editing: Do not Neglect the Important! What are your actions when you have got an assignment to write a free essay? What do you concentrate your attention on? When getting an assignment to write an academic paper a student usually spends all his/her efforts and time of course at preparing for his/her writing and making this paper. The matter is that most students consider the task of writing any assignment paper as the process involving gathering of all necessary information (preparation stage) and making of the first as well as the final paper drafts (writing in itself). But what about editing? Unfortunately, just few students pay enough attention to this stage. However, it plays an important role in successful writing of any academic paper. In what way should you edit your assignment free essay? What principles of free essay editing should you keep in mind? Free essay editing: important points Lets focus on the most important things concerning free essay editing: First and foremost, you should remember that free essay editingis an important stage in your assignment essay writing. Although it is the last stage, you should not neglect it. So, edit your free essay carefully before submit it. Free essay editingsuggests attentive reading of the final paper draft and correcting of all possible mistakes that it may have. To find these mistakes you should read your free essay twice at least. Do not hurry! Concentrate on your paper. Nothing should divert your attention. Make use of dictionaries and manuals. They will help you make your spelling, grammar and punctuation correct. Pay attention to the contents as well. You may have missed some words or even phrases. This may misrepresent your ideas and make your free essay difficult to understand. You should also correct such mistakes. Free essay editinginvolves also checking of the paper format. Your free essay should be organized properly. So, if you find out that your paper format does not correspond to the requirements anyhow, you should make some changes. That is what you should keep in mind when getting down to your free essay editing. Help with free essay editing If you are not sure about your ability to make good free essay editing, contact us! We help students not only in writing but also in editing of their assignment papers. We will edit your free essay and you may not worry about its quality. Read also: How to Write a Book Report Essays on Patriotism Critique Essay Write Critical Success Factor Analysis Critical Literary Essay

Translation Technology (Experience of using SDL Trados 2014 and its Essay

Translation Technology (Experience of using SDL Trados 2014 and its impact on translation method) - Essay Example The window opens presenting option for the Welcome view allowing an operator to open the Home tab. The subsequent process involves clicking the â€Å"Translate single document†. This gives a chance for opening document window whereby one can check the correctness of the source and target language as shown in figure 2. A new Translation Memory (TM) is set up by clicking â€Å"create† and then selecting â€Å"New File-Based Translation Memory†. The figure 3 below describes the process used in setting up New Translation Memory Window. In which case, a new TM name is entered (Translation Test). Next process involves browsing a folder for storing the TM and counterchecking on the source language and target language whether they are in alignment with the assignment. Character- based concordance search is enabled to allow efficiency during searching, especially when using a group of characters for the search. The file then opens in the Editor window giving a chance for translation. The translation is typed by clicking tin the first segment found in the target column. By clicking Ctrl+Enter, the first segment is confirmed and sent to the TM. Translating the other segments follow the same process aforementioned. The bilingual .sdlxliff file is saved (ctrl + S) in the folder where the source file was saved. Further, the target file is saved by clicking Shift + F12. This signifies the end of the process and the studio is closed by clicking Alt+F4. The following figure shows a sample of translation obtained when using the software: The SDL Trados 2014 translation process bears impacts on translation method as evident in a number of features it contains. Various features associated with using the software contribute distinctly to the impact of the software as will be discussed. These features yielding impacts include Global tag verification, alphanumeric strings,

Asian American Literature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

Asian American Literature - Essay Example The removal of confusion about the identity and ethnicity of the characters in Asian American literature depends on flexibility and diversity of the texts and the themes. The coming of age experience in Asian American Literature depicts pan ethnic entrepreneurship and father's story telling techniques as part of the narration in the novels and stories. The racial identity and economic inequality are focal points in the story telling techniques of Asian American literature. As the Asian American intellectual classes have been defined as academics, artists and activists, the cultural production finds its base in economic world. The above-mentioned economic world includes the symbolic capital that we invest with value that is capable of generating economic returns. However, the racial identity as the resistance to capitalist exploitation is explicit in most of the Asian American Literature like that of Donald Duk as well as 'Wild Meat and the Bully Burgers'(Nguyen, Viet, 2002). As a prelude to analysis of coming of age experiences in Donald Duk, it is necessary to focus on the points that rise the points of identity in Asian American youth. According to Ho Jennifer Ann (2005), the focus is on four distinct modes of identification. They are historic pride, consumerism, mourning and fusion. The Donald Duk and Wild meat and Bully Burgers express cultural legacies with alternative ethnic affiliations in Asian American youth. The author opines that the food of Chinese Americans who helped in developmental activities in US differ from the American Society in terms of nature and color as Donald Duk tries to identify him in American society. The necessity for Asian Americans to identify themselves in American Society makes them to adopt local food and culture. However, the natural aversion towards them and lack of historic cultural support for their aversion makes them confused and they tend to establish themselves as a reflection of a celebrity. The above traits can be observed in Donald Duk character and his father King Duk guides him towards an open minded attitude that helps in being identified in American Society. Another important aspect identified by Jennifer Ann is the tension in Asian Americans regarding their physical appearance. Though, Donald Duk expresses the above trait in his mentality that is better expressed in Lovey character of novel 'Wild Meat and the Bully Burgers'. She lounges for blonde and Caucasian appearance and her father convinces her to be realistic and open minded in her behavior with her friends and colleagues. The differences between food of Asians and Americans also play a major role in struggle for identification of Lovey. The author of Wild Meat and Bully Burgers delineates the consumption habits of Lovey and offers correction by pointing out to her Hawaiian culture. In both the cases, the characters are adolescents, who are most vulnerable to the cultural as well as food differences and appearance that giv e identity (Ho, Jennifer Ann, 2005). The problems of identity and mingling in the American society are well depicted in Frank Chin's

Bioswale final deliverable Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Bioswale final deliverable - Essay Example This issue combined with the excessive rain washes contaminants from cars that drive through these areas polluting the water that remains stuck for long periods of time in these ditches.Onesolution for this problem is the construction of a Bioswale as seen in Figure 1, which is designed to remove silt and pollution from surface and runoff water by acting as a natural bio-filter. The construction of a Bioswale would also help prevent mosquito nesting and would reduce the types of fumigation toxics which are sprayed in these areas to keep the mosquito population down. We will work closely with our community partner, ERAUFacility Management, in the designing and implementation of the Bioswale. Stormwater, parking lot, rooftop and residential water runoff can cause significant pollution in various cities and residential areas. Undeveloped areas provide a means of controlling surface runoff, but when rain falls on developed areas, infiltration and absorption of water is diminished. In most developed urban areas, the stormwater carries a lot of trash, heavy metals, bacteria and other pollutants generated in urban centers, hence degrading the quality of water in the receiving water bodies. Harmel et al 8 (715) â€Å"Water is drained through the collection systems that convey the surface run off to water bodies like the rivers and lakes† . Additionally, high flows are dangerous to buildings, animals, and human beings. It can cause erosion and floods that damage properties, infrastructure, and habitats. Green infrastructure such as bioswales, permeable pavements, it has been emphasized in Booth et al 3(p 315), that planter boxes and rain gardens can be used to manage storm water and create healthier environments in urban centers† Booth et al 3 (315). â€Å"Bioswales are vegetated, mulched linear ditches designed to control stormwater through infiltration, conveyance, and filtration† (Jurries 8). They are intended to enhance the function of conveying systems by

Research Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words - 1

Research Project - Essay Example ’s tangible resources, such as cash reserves and information technologies, managers utilize marketing promotions as an intangible resource that either makes a firm attractive to existing or prospective customers. Marketing promotions consist of efforts to communicate the total value of a service or a product for customers with the intention of increasing sales through these communications (Kotler and Keller 2009). Marketing promotions consist of advertising and publicity to achieve the objective of properly positioning a firm against competition, increasing sales, building a corporate identity and generally increase customer demand (Solomon, et al. 2006). For some managers, the problem faced in achieving competitive advantage is that their respective firms produce and distribute products that are comparable to competition. Such products have homogenous features and benefits to competitive offerings, hence when attempting to communicate product value, it becomes increasingly difficult to build incentive with customers to select one firm’s products over that of competitors. As a result, managers exploit the marketing function in operations as a means of differentiating a product from that of comparable competitor products. Differentiation is a strategic effort to create a distinguished identity for a product which makes a product appear more interesting and desirable for a company’s most sought-after customer target segments (Hitt, Ireland and Hoskisson 2014). Nandan (2005) asserts that in today’s competitive business environment, it is becoming more simplistic for competing firms to imitate and reproduce the features and benefits of a competitor’s product. With the ability of a firm to procure similar production technologies whilst also building a competent research and development team, companies that once offered unique products for consumers are being threatened with a shortened product life cycle as a result of replicated competing products being

Kant's Moral Philosophy Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Kant's Moral Philosophy - Term Paper Example Argument or view Kant’s Deontology posits that the best way to act morally to act from duty with the consideration of the highest good, that is, a good without condition which is intrinsically good by itself (Kant, 1780). He formulated his deontological ethics in a categorical imperative of doing good for the sake of good regardless of its consequence (Kant, 1785). Explication of argument To effectively argue that Kantian Deontology is the correct moral theory, it would be necessary to explain the formulation that executes Kant’s deontology which is categorical imperative. According to Kant, imperatives imply what they meant which are command such as â€Å"wake up early†. Often they are hypothetical imperative because they only serve a specific objective or purpose such as â€Å"wake up early so you will not be later for work. This imperative or command becomes categorical when it is applied universally and that the actions and decisions of individuals are to be judged solely by their motivations and that the consequences do not matter morally (as in the case of hypothetical imperative) neither the intended consequences nor the actual consequences matter morally; only the principle or rule we follow if we do the action matters morally. In simpler terms, this meant doing what is good regardless of consequence and that by doing is an end by itself. Thus, actions themselves become an end and this action should be a rational result in the exercise of freewill Consistent to this, Kant’s categorical imperative states that every person has the duty to use and exercise his goodness/humanity as a means to an end. The application of Kant’s categorical imperative is best illustrated in slave ownership. A slave owner may assert his right to own a property which in this case is a slave. While ownership by itself is not immoral, slave ownership becomes unethical or immoral according to Kant’s categorical imperative because it depriv es a person of his free rational action and that persons can never be a mere means to an end (Johnson, 2012). One distinct characteristic of Kant’s categorical imperative is that it is universal and inflexible that it applies to everyone without exception. For Kant, neither good nor bad luck affects in assessing the moral act of a person. His idea of â€Å"goodwill† did not become good because it serves an end or objective but because it intends to do â€Å"good† regardless of the consequence. Objection The best objection to Kant’s deontological ethics as formulated by categorical imperative is Thomas Nagel’s argument about moral luck. Unlike Kant, Thomas Nagel makes an exception through his assertion of moral luck that there are a broad range of externalities that affects moral judgment. Moral luck occurs when â€Å"an agent can be correctly treated as an object of moral judgment despite the fact that a significant aspect of what she is assessed for depends on factors beyond her control† (Nelkin, 2013). It meant that we should only be assessed morally only to the extent that the factors attendant to the circumstances of our actions that we can control as stated in his â€Å"control principle†. This argument also hold sway because it consider the realities and externalities of which an action must be carried out and therefore, an act is best judged by considering its environment.

Assessment and Evaluation Strategies Learning Essay

Assessment and Evaluation Strategies Learning - Essay Example The outcome that has been decided is that the learners will be able to relate to the need to maintain client confidentiality and the need to maintain confidentiality of organizational information to work-related situations. They will also be able to identify various types of work-related harassment and the consequences of such actions. The two weeks of online training has used online power point presentations, animations, and flash presentations to teach these issues, where students of various ethnic backgrounds and various experiences have interacted. Now the idea is to create a strategy to evaluate and assess the learning. The assessment process must consider students like Joe Antone, a member of the Pima Indian Community, who is experiencing work in the healthcare environment for the first time. Comparison: Two assessment methods that can be used in such programs are quiz and self-test questions. In this program, while going through the course, the students will come across the self-test questions, without attempting which no student can go into the next section of the teaching. Thus this becomes mandatory for each and every student to attempt these tests. Moreover, suitable software can be used to add a navigable menu and search function, where the students can search the answers from the module and answer it. Each student can get two chances. At the end of the session, there would be a quiz of multiple choice type questions, where the learner would have one chance to answer it. Leads in the form of images can be incorporated in the quiz, and the learner can post the answer to the tutor (Benjamin, Robbins, Kung, 2006). While the first one assesses the knowledge in steps throughout the module, most learners can get 90 to 100% with the use of search function. The last one ge ts a summative assessment of overall conceptual knowledge, and it can grade the results both in percentages and pass-fail methods (McFarlin, 2008). This could be also a

Kant's Moral Philosophy Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Kant's Moral Philosophy - Term Paper Example Argument or view Kant’s Deontology posits that the best way to act morally to act from duty with the consideration of the highest good, that is, a good without condition which is intrinsically good by itself (Kant, 1780). He formulated his deontological ethics in a categorical imperative of doing good for the sake of good regardless of its consequence (Kant, 1785). Explication of argument To effectively argue that Kantian Deontology is the correct moral theory, it would be necessary to explain the formulation that executes Kant’s deontology which is categorical imperative. According to Kant, imperatives imply what they meant which are command such as â€Å"wake up early†. Often they are hypothetical imperative because they only serve a specific objective or purpose such as â€Å"wake up early so you will not be later for work. This imperative or command becomes categorical when it is applied universally and that the actions and decisions of individuals are to be judged solely by their motivations and that the consequences do not matter morally (as in the case of hypothetical imperative) neither the intended consequences nor the actual consequences matter morally; only the principle or rule we follow if we do the action matters morally. In simpler terms, this meant doing what is good regardless of consequence and that by doing is an end by itself. Thus, actions themselves become an end and this action should be a rational result in the exercise of freewill Consistent to this, Kant’s categorical imperative states that every person has the duty to use and exercise his goodness/humanity as a means to an end. The application of Kant’s categorical imperative is best illustrated in slave ownership. A slave owner may assert his right to own a property which in this case is a slave. While ownership by itself is not immoral, slave ownership becomes unethical or immoral according to Kant’s categorical imperative because it depriv es a person of his free rational action and that persons can never be a mere means to an end (Johnson, 2012). One distinct characteristic of Kant’s categorical imperative is that it is universal and inflexible that it applies to everyone without exception. For Kant, neither good nor bad luck affects in assessing the moral act of a person. His idea of â€Å"goodwill† did not become good because it serves an end or objective but because it intends to do â€Å"good† regardless of the consequence. Objection The best objection to Kant’s deontological ethics as formulated by categorical imperative is Thomas Nagel’s argument about moral luck. Unlike Kant, Thomas Nagel makes an exception through his assertion of moral luck that there are a broad range of externalities that affects moral judgment. Moral luck occurs when â€Å"an agent can be correctly treated as an object of moral judgment despite the fact that a significant aspect of what she is assessed for depends on factors beyond her control† (Nelkin, 2013). It meant that we should only be assessed morally only to the extent that the factors attendant to the circumstances of our actions that we can control as stated in his â€Å"control principle†. This argument also hold sway because it consider the realities and externalities of which an action must be carried out and therefore, an act is best judged by considering its environment.

Review of The End of Education by Neil Postman Research Paper

Review of The End of Education by Neil Postman - Research Paper Example The second god is the god of consumership and Postman argues that its general moral maxim is within the slogan that whoever buys things will inherit goodness and those who do not, evil. In other words, an individual is built by what he or she accumulates. Devotion to the god of consumership begins at an early age and it persists until teenage hood. This god has created a theology that cannot be easily ignored. This is because of the fact that it is based on the notion that an individual’s life becomes worthy when they buy things. The third and the last god is the god of technology. This god is very much related to the god of consumership because it serves as a vehicle to propagate the message of the god of Consumership (Postman, 2010). â€Å"The most appealing idea that the world has yet known† is an example of democracy that the United States has fully embraced since its independence. It can be used to win the global unqualified confidence. Democracy is very appealing such that playing hypocrite towards the beliefs we hold and performing official acts of suppression will stifle our own liberties (Harrison, 2009). On the other hand, schools are meant to sell the American dream to the entire world through democracy. In other words, schools are attempting to see whether a rational, stable, and unified culture can be created from individuals of diverse religions, languages, and traditions. However, the idea is most appealing, and there is need to reassure friends of the United States about the idea. These friends have already created notions that may jeopardize the efforts of the United States to sell its idea of democracy. According to a survey conducted by the Fortune magazine, it is clear that the friends do not want to be influenced by the American culture. Europe thinks that the United States is dragging humanity in the direction of dehumanization. For instance, the relations between the Soviet Union and the United States have one

Business report on a hotel

Business report on a hotel I have given you the assignment of preparing a detailed business research report on any good business problem or opportunity or may be you can prepare a report based on a problem related to your institute or may be on some other factors. The purpose of this term report is to enhance your professional skills in terms of practicality and research skills. The body of report should be prepared and presented to me by November 8, 2011 It should be a survey research for the collection of primary data. You may use secondary sources for gathering information. I would like you to make use of SPSS software for feeding and analyzing the data. It would be better if you support your findings with visual aids that would illustrate the facts in a more meaningful form. A hostel is a facility where students, families, back payers and other travelers can stay. The trend of hostel facility is very low in Pakistan, the main reason of which is self satisfaction. We are not quite confident as a student to avail the hostel facility within the campus. Also the hostel fees, security, room safety and size are the main factors of not availing the hostel facility. These issues happen to take place everywhere but we wanted to know the core reasons behind the low trend of hostel facility in Pakistan. We have collected relevant data via well designed questionnaires and interviewed some of the students of IoBM. We tabulated and analyzed our data using SPSS software. The results interpret that the students of IoBM are aware of this concept and have the tendency to avail the hostel facility but factors like financial issues and security of these services not being trustworthy is refraining the students from availing this facility. If the respective improvements are considered then there is a high opportunity for such services to flourish in IoBM in the near future which in turn will benefit the academic progress of IoBM. LITERATURE REVIEW A hostel is a low-priced facility where students, families, backpackers and other travelers can stay. But in our research we are only focusing on students to avail this opportunity if provided to them.hostel.jpg The primary purpose of this research is to identify the most important factors that predict undergraduate students level of satisfaction with the student hostels they are living in. This research will also explore the difference in the satisfaction levels of students living in hostels within the campus and the ones who live in their own houses and homes etc. Based on literature review, our hypothesized will be is there any difference in the satisfaction level between these two groups of students. This means the ones who will avail this facility and the ones who will not avail this type of facility if provided to them. In our research the most important factor or the keyword would be satisfaction. For example Satisfaction with fees, Satisfaction with distance from university facilities, Satisfaction with room safety, Satisfaction with room size, Satisfaction with hostel security, and Satisfaction with hostel facilities are the most important factors which predict undergraduate students. Satisfactions with hostel influencing factors: Many researches have been conducted on the impact of hostels on the life of students among which most of the researches showed a positive and a far reaching impact on students life. Following are the factors that influence the satisfaction level of students. Academic Challenges According to the previous researches it has been revealed that most of the students who live at university hostels/boarding schools face many academic challenges. They are very competent because of the living environment provided to them over there. It is also revealed that students that lives at hostels spend 17 hours a week on their home works and academic work where as other students who lives at their own home or not availing the facilities of hostel spends 8 to 9 hours a week. This is one of the satisfactory factor with which 95% of the students living at hostels are agreed. Time Productivity Time is a very important factor about which most of the people remain curious. As everyone knows that ones the time is over it wont come back again. Therefore spending the time productively isnt an easy task. Most of the people keep on trying to manage the time better and productively. Students living at hostel better know about how to spend a time and productively because they have been taught in such a way that it builds sense of responsibility in them. According to the previous researches students live at hostel spend their time equally in extracurricular activities and studies. They spend less time in watching television and computers and spend more in other activities like painting, sports etc. Personal Development Hostels play a vital role in shaping the values of the students and ethics. Hostels not only focus on making the student more competent in academics but also focus on the personal development of each student. More specifically they focus on their self-discipline, maturity, self-determination and critical thinking skills. Hostels not only provide accommodation but their objective is to make a student competent in each and every aspect of the life. Therefore this is also a satisfactory factor for most of the students for being the part of the hostels. Career Development As students learn how to live independently and how to cope with the particular situation as well as they come to know about stress management as they go through a hard and tough time, they become more career oriented. Hostel life creates such abilities and potential in them because of which when they go into the market for searching jobs the recruiter take them at first hand. Hostel not only provides opportunity to develop their personal skills and abilities but also helps them for their career. There are many more factors that provide satisfaction to the students lives at hostel but most important of them has been discussed above. These all factors have been taking from the perspective of those students who lives at their university or college hostels not from those who have their own accommodation. INTRODUCTION The prime objective of Hostel is to provide the students with the necessary amenities to develop an integrated personality, besides providing a calm and peaceful atmosphere for students. The hostel can provide an environment that certainly provides self-confidence and instills discipline in the minds of students. The personal development of students could also be nurtured and supported through living in a community environment. The secondary objective of establishing hostel for students of Institute of business management is to provide them a Home away from their Home where they can feel some ease and put their best in academics. Our research has been divided into two groups of strata. This means the ones who live in Karachi but far away and the ones who live outside Karachi. We have conduct this research through survey and will ask the IoBM students that would they like to avail this facility (if provided) to them or not? RESEARCH METHODOLOGY SamplE design QUOTA TOTAL Students of IoBM: At least 60% long-route 100 People (students) Students live in Karachi: 60% 60 Students live outside Karachi: 40% 40 Our population includes every student who lives in Karachi but little far away from IoBM and as well students who live outside Karachi. No age or gender limit is imposed. However to get a mature result, we would be targeting people above seventeen years of age. The above mentioned table shows how we have distributed the total transport users. We have set a quota that our respondents must contain at least 60% of the people who live in Karachi but little far away from IoBM and the remaining population should belong to some other areas of Pakistan. This quota is set because of the fact that they are the ones who are the most frequent users of such type of hostel facilities if provided to them. Because of many factors like time and control of work, we are keeping our sample size small. The total sample size is of 100 respondents. Moreover, we are not dividing the population geographic regions. Therefore, people from every part of the city have the equal participation opportunity. Research design We selected survey methodology because it is quick and inexpensive. The cost of contacting the respondents is very low and respondents will contact randomly from classes, library, and activity centre of IoBM etc. Person-administered questionnaires were developed which are more accurate than face to face interviews in which many open ended answers would be given. A short and simple questionnaire was designed for this research. As our segment of the target audience includes students from IoBM only. Name and contact number of every respondent is recorded for the back checking of the data. This eliminates the most common researcher bias in which the field researchers cheat by self filling the questionnaires. We tried to keep things very transparent so that our course instructor or other concern authorities may any time randomly check our data collection efforts. This will eventually increased the credibility of our research findings. Data collection Every group member worked as a field worker in carrying out the research. The female group members as well as male group members collected data from boys and girls. We wanted to make sure that there shouldnt be any gender biasness involve in our research. We went and interviewed students from activity centre, library and etc. We tried our best to cover the students who live in all areas of Karachi and as well as outside Karachi. HYPOTHESIS Null Hypothesis: Students of IoBM prefer the hostel facility. Alternative Hypothesis: Students of IoBM dont prefer the hostel facility. DATA ANALYSIS All of the questions were close ended except the remarks of the respondents. This made our analysis work much easier. We developed a complete database of all the hundred questionnaires in SPSS software. Limitations Initially, we thought to target 200 respondents. But then we realized that as the questionnaires are person-administered, so it will increase our time per respondent. That is why we restricted our sample size to 100 respondents. As the research is carried out by a group of six students, limited human resource definitely restricted us from covering a large sample size. This research is compiled under immense time pressure. Some more time might have improved the accuracy of this research. RESEARCH PROPOSAL PROBLEM The problem of the topic is that students who live far away from Korangi get chaotic and tired because of their long routes which tend to affect their performance. The law and order situation of Karachi is deteriorating day by day so many a times the students who live far away and in the areas which are not safe have to miss their classes as they are unable to reach university in strikes and calamities. Secondly, the students who live outside Karachi are hesitant to come to IoBM even after getting admission, because of the absence of hostel facility. So IoBM loses valuable students who can add to its prestige. So our research problem is Should there be hostel facility for the students of IoBM. OBJECTIVE The prime objective of Hostel is to provide the students with the necessary amenities to develop an integrated personality, besides providing a calm and peaceful atmosphere for students. The personal development of students could also be nurtured and supported through living in a community environment. The secondary objective of establishing hostel for students of Institute of business management is to provide them a Home away from their Home where they can feel some ease and put their best in academics. DESIGN Secondary Data: Google search engine, Jstor.com, Springerlink.com, Yahoo search engine. Primary Data: Descriptive Survey Research. SAMPLE Sampling quota: At least 80% long-route people (students) Students live in Karachi: 60 Students live outside Karachi: 40 QUESTIONNAIRE Language: English only (Because we are targeting only students of Iobm and therefore we dont required multiple languages) No. of Questions: 15-18 Variables: Positive Impact on Studies (Dependent Variable) Easeful routine (Dependent Variable) Hostel Facility (Independent Variable) Competency (Intervening Variable) Ease of registration (Moderating Variable) PROJECT MANAGEMENT Members: 6 Researchers All students of MBR 20 questionnaires per researcher Scheduling: Oct 20, 2010: Secondary data collection Oct 20, 2011: Questionnaire design Oct 30, 2010: Sampling Quota setting Nov 1, 2010: Survey starting Nov 4, 2010: Collection compilation of questionnaires Nov 6, 2010: Evaluating (results) studies variables Nov 17, 2010: Interpretation of results in meaningful forms. COSTING For Questionnaire: No. of prints (P) = 100 Total Pages (TP) = 200 Cost per print page (CP) = 10 Photocopy per page (PC) = 1 rupee 2(TP) * 10(CP) = 20 rupees 198(TP) * 1(PC) = 198 Total Cost = Prints Cost + Photocopy Cost + Travelling Cost Total Cost = 20 + 198 + 150 Total Cost of Questionnaires = 368 For Report: No. of prints (P) = 38 Cost per plane print = 10 Cost per colored print = 15 Total colored prints = 20 Total plane prints = 17 Colored Prints Cost = 20 * 15 = 300 Plane prints Cost = 18 * 10 = 180 480 TOTAL COST: Questionnaire Cost + Report printing cost 368 + 470 850 approx. FINDINGS ANALYSIS SECTION: A GENDER 68.9% Male respondents 31.1% Female Respondents 68.9% 31.1% Question: 1 When asked about the residence of the respondents 40% replied that there permanent residence is outside Karachi and 60% claimed that they are permanent residential of Karachi. QUESTION: 2 The permanent residential of Karachi are from diversified locations that cant be calculated through SPSS QUESTION: 3 When the respondents were asked about how they come to university in the sense of mode of transport than 61% respondents replied that they come through Universitys own transport (University Van), 30% replied that they prefer their own conveyance to reach IoBM where as only 9% respondents claimed that that use public transport (Buses, Taxi or Rickshaw) to come to IoBM QUESTION: 4 On asking about the time they spent in coming to IoBM 40% respondents claimed that it takes them an hour to reach university, 49% respondents claimed that it takes them 1-2 hours to reach IoBM where as 11% respondents claimed that it takes More than 2 hours to them to reach IoBM. QUESTION: 5 On asking the question that how many of respondents from the sample of 100 would like to avail Hotel facility if IoBM provides? 41% respondents replied that they wont like to avail such sort of facility but 59% replied in favor of availing such hostel facility if IoBM provides. SECTION: B (Only those people who want to avail Hostel Facility QUESTION: 6 Among 59% respondents who want to avail hostel facility, 19.7% replied that hostel facility should be near IoBM whereas 80.3% respondents replied that it should be with in IoBM. QUESTION: 7 63.9% respondents replied that the hostel should be only for students and 1.6% respondents replied that it should be only for faculty where as 34.4% respondents replied that it should be for both Students and Faculty QUESTION: 8 On asking a question about the sharing of a room,18% respondents replied that there should be separate room for every person, 73.8% replied that 2 persons should share a room where as 8.2% respondents replied that the room should be shared by 4 or more people. QUESTION: 9 On asking about the attached bath in a room, 82% agree that its essential, 18% replied that it is not essential whereas no one replied in no idea. QUESTION: 10 On asking about the 24/7 security, 93.4% respondents agreed that its essential, 4.9% replied that they dont have any idea about that whereas 1.6% replied that it isnt essential. QUESTION: 11 On asking about the Wi-Fi facility that should it be there 24/7; 83.6% respondents replied that yes its essential that there should be 24/7 Wi-Fi, 8.2% respondents dont have any idea whereas 8.2% of respondents dont feel that its essential. QUESTION: 12 On asking about the Mess/Cafà © facility, 93.4% respondents showed there interest that there must be a cafà ©, 3.3% respondents were with no ideas and 3.3% respondents dont feel that its essential. QUESTION: 13 On asking about the recreational facilities (i-e, Indoor games, gym and swimming pool), 67.2% respondents says that its essential, 11.5% have no idea where as 21.3% respondents dont feel that its essential QUESTION: 14 For knowing the impact of the hostel facility on students a question was asked that will hostel facility be helpful in providing learning environment, 80.3% respondents said yes its very helpful, 16.4% said that its somewhat helpful whereas only 3.3% respondents said that it will not really be helpful. QUESTION: 15 On asking to what extent hostel facility would be helpful to you in extracurricular activities, 49.2% respondents replied that it will be very helpful, 41% replied it would be somewhat helpful whereas 9.8% respondents replied that it wouldnt be really helpful. QUESTION: 16 On asking about the impact of socializing in hostel facility ,72.1% respondents replied that it will be really helpful for them to socialize, 23% replied that it would be somewhat helpful whereas 4.9% replied that it wouldnt be helpful QUESTION: 17 On asking about the saving of travel time and cost due to hostel facility if provided, 83.6% respondents replied that such facility would be very helpful for them to save time and cost, 13.1% replied that they dont have any idea where as 3.3% replied that it wouldnt be that much helpful for them. QUESTION: 18 On asking that will your parents allow you to live at hostel or avail hostel facility, 83.6% respondents replied that yes their parents will allow them to avail such sort of facility if provided but 16.4% respondents replied that they are not sure that whether their parents will allow them or not. QUESTION: 19 On asking the question that what charges are you expecting per month of hostel facility, 63.9% respondents replied that it should cost 5000 per month, 23% replied that it should cost 8000 whereas 13.1% replied that it should cost 10000 per month for such facility. QUESTION: 20 When a question was asked about the political interference in such sort of facility, 88.5% replied that No there shouldnt be any sort of such interruption whereas 11.5% replied that Yes it should interfere. HYPOTHESIS TESTING Null Hypothesis: Students of IoBM will prefer the hostel facility. One-Sample Test Test Value = 0 t df Sig. (2-tailed) Mean Difference 95% Confidence Interval of the Difference Lower Upper Would you like to avail hostel facility? 11.936 99 .000 .590 .49 .69 Alternative Hypothesis: Students of IoBM wont prefer the hostel facility. One-Sample Statistics N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean Would you like to avail hostel facility? 100 .59 .494 .049 RESULT: Since 0.49 CONCLUSION: From this we can conclude the the students of IoBM are willing to avail Hostel Facility in case IoBM provides to them. CONCLUSION This research has shown some very enormous facts. Almost 59% of the students of IoBM want the hostel facility and out of those 59%, 80% of the students want to have this facility within the IoBM campus only, with a Wi-Fi facility, low-cost, no political interference, security should be good enough and also with a cafà © facility. 80% of the students said that the hostel facility will be helpful in providing them the learning environment, so that they could concentrate on their studies and should be able to perform well in this competitive environment. About 72% of the students also said that the hostel facility will also help them in socializing with other students and their fellow members and as well as with the management also. About 83% of the students responded that the hostel facility will reduce the travelling time and cost, which will eventually help them in giving more time to their studies and extracurricular activities. So, after analyzing all the questionnaires and the respondents answer to those questions, we can easily accept our null hypothesis and can easily conclude that the students of IoBM are willing to avail the hostel facility if IoBM provides it to them. REFERENCES www.schools.com www.research.com.au www.tarsa.edu.au www.springerlink.com www.jstor.com www.wikipedia.com

Stephen Jay Goulds The Creation Myths of Cooperstown and Edward O. Wil

Stephen Jay Gould's The Creation Myths of Cooperstown and Edward O. Wilson's The Serpent If only I could have seen the blinding light before I complacently tagged along to Cooperstown with my Bazooka-chewing siblings and sunflower seed-spitting father. I would have loved to have known about the Cardiff Giant and the myth about the origin of baseball during our family vacation, but it was their moment of ignorant bliss and my moment to relish the songs of Helen Reddy. At the time, I was not impressed with the â€Å"American† sport, but now that I have read Stephen Jay Gould’s essay, â€Å"The Creation Myths of Cooperstown,† I will have something to say when the subject arises. Don’t get me wrong: I didn’t like America’s baseball then and I don’t like it now. I do, however, enjoy thinking critically and so I, too, am drawn to that great wad of spit we call baseball because the heterosexual ego and rabid patriotism hiding behind its dirty, sweaty disposition have appeared on my radar screen. Thanks to Gould, I now have the ability to let go of my hostility toward an innocent sport and see the hostility for what it really is: anger towards the males who use baseball as an excuse to unleash their violent hormonal urges. When it comes to sports, I have a natural tendency to zone out. Until the fourth paragraph of his essay, Gould nearly lost my attention with his references to Turin, Edwardian Piltdown Man and the Cardiff Giant. When multiple figures were lost on me at such an early stage, I felt young and hopelessly naà ¯ve. Feeling intimidated, I said to my partner, hoping her advanced age wouldn’t prove helpful, â€Å"I’m reading this article and it’s supposed to be understandable to the general audience, but I don’t k... ...ake such a cruel test knowing she (God) is irresistible. This theory makes sense, especially if you consider Wilson’s description of the serpent as something â€Å"life-promising and life-threatening, seductive and treacherous† (712 Wilson). If God and the serpent are one, then it would further explain the general appeal for the serpent, as well as the charm of this article. Wilson’s essay made me think about my personal relationship with â€Å"The Serpent.† I have had many encounters with figurative serpents, but have yet to realize the image of a serpent invading my dreams. Even so, I can’t deny any of the important meanings associated with serpents that Wilson mentions. Perhaps it was the power of his subject matter, but I found Wilson’s essay to be thoroughly engaging. This may have been due to disgust and fascination in me, but whatever it was, it worked.

La violence scolaire - French Essay :: Papers

La violence scolaire - French Essay La violence scolaire est un problÃÆ' ¨me en France depuis longtemps mais pendant la derniÃÆ' ¨re decade, le nombre de cases de violence ait augmentÃÆ' © considÃÆ' ©rablement. Il y avait eu six plans contre la violence mis en place pendant ce decade mais les faits nÂ’a cessÃÆ' © dÂ’augmenter. Pendant dix ans, la petit dÃÆ' ©liquance de mineurs a augmentÃÆ' © de 79% et la derniÃÆ' ¨re annÃÆ' ©e, 81.362 cases de violence scolaire dans ÃÆ' ©coles ont ÃÆ' ©tÃÆ' © rapportÃÆ' ©. Il y a beaucoup de raisons pour la violence qui a devenu si ordinaire dans les ÃÆ' ©coles franÃÆ' §aises. Toujours il y aura des petit disputes entre ÃÆ' ©lÃÆ' ¨ves mais il y a aussi des plus grandes facteurs. Beaucoup des ÃÆ' ©lÃÆ' ¨ves viennent de quartiers trÃÆ' ¨s pauvres et vivent des situations dramatiques, par exemple leur parents sont au chà ¡Ã‚ »Ã¢â€ž ¢mage, ils habitant dans des taudis ou ils subissent le racisme (la nombre de cases de violence racisme a particuliÃÆ' ¨rement augmentÃÆ' © pendant la derniÃÆ' ¨re decade, de pair avec lÂ’augmentation de nombre dÂ’immigrÃÆ' ©s qui entrer en France). Ils nÂ’entrevoient aucune perpective dÂ’avenir donc ils ne comprennent pas pourquoi ils doivent aller au college et ils commencent a le detester. Bien sÃÆ' »r, ÃÆ' §e nÂ’est pas seulement les ÃÆ' ©lÃÆ' ¨ves de situations maux qui sont violentes au collÃÆ' ¨ge, mais les ÃÆ' ©coles avec les nombres plus hauts de cases de violence sont les ÃÆ' ©coles qui situÃÆ' ©s dans les quarties pauvres. LÃÆ'  , les ÃÆ' ©lÃÆ' ¨ves issus de milieux populaires sÂ’y retrouvent en masse. LÂ’ÃÆ' ©cole reproduit donc les inÃÆ' ©galites sociales et cela provoque leur haine et violence quÂ’ils montrent au collÃÆ' ¨ge. Aussi, ces derniÃÆ' ¨res annÃÆ' ©es, lÂ’augmentation de la violence scolaire est allÃÆ' ©e de pair avec la diminution des moyens accordÃÆ' ©s ÃÆ'   lÂ’enseignement. Il y a seulement une simple corrÃÆ' ©lation. LÂ’augmentation du nombre dÂ’ÃÆ' ©lÃÆ' ¨ves par classe, lÂ’impossibilitÃÆ' © dÂ’encore donner une aide individualisÃÆ' ©e auz ÃÆ' ©lÃÆ' ¨ves en difficultÃÆ' © ne peuvent quÂ’accentuer les ÃÆ' ©checs et ÃÆ' ªtre ainsi des gÃÆ' ©nÃÆ' ©rateurs indirects de violence. Bien quÂ’il y eÃÆ' »t beaucoup de plans pour arrÃÆ' ªter la violence scolaire, aucune plan a eu un grand effet.

History of Shakeys Essay

Shakey’s Pizza was founded in Sacramento, California, on April 30, 1954, by Sherwood â€Å"Shakey† Johnson and Ed Plummer. Johnson’s nickname resulted from nerve damage following a bout of malaria suffered during World War II. The parlor opened on the first weekend, but since the pizza ovens were not yet completed, only beer was served and Shakey took the profits from beer sales and bought ingredients for pizza the following Monday. Shakey personally played dixieland jazz piano to entertain patrons. Shakey’s initially became known outside Sacramento, not for its pizza, but for the jazz program it sponsored on a regional radio network. Shakey Johnson is honored in the American Banjo Museum in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, for his longtime use of banjo music at his pizza parlors. Other live music, including piano, was also a staple in the old Shakey’s parlors. The original store (a remodeled grocery store) at 57th and J Streets in Sacramento remained in bu siness until the mid 1990s. Expansion The second Shakey’s Pizza Parlor opened in Portland, Oregon, in 1956. Shakey’s opened their third parlor in Albany, Oregon, in 1959, which was the first building Shakey’s actually owned and the first building to be built in the distinct building style for which Shakey’s is known. It now operates as a used bookstore. According to Johnson, Shakey’s Pizza engaged in little market research and made most of its decisions on where to locate stores by going where Kinney Shoes opened stores. By the time Johnson sold his interest in 1967, there were 272 Shakey’s Pizza Parlors in the United States. The first international store opened in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, in 1968. By 1975, the company had expanded to the Pacific Rim, including Japan and the Philippines. There are now more branches in the Philippines (then under San Miguel Corporation) than in the United States. Sale to Colorado Milling Shakey Johnson sold his half of the company for $3 million to Colorado Milling and Elevator in 1967, which acquired Plummer’s half for $9 million the next year. Second sale Shakey’s was again sold, this time to Hunt International Resources in 1974. Two franchisees bought the chain in 1984 and they sold out to Inno-Pacific Holdings of Singapore in 1989. Most of the U. S. stores closed during the time Inno-Pacific owned the chain. Some of the remaining franchisees took Inno-Pacific to court in 2003. Before this could come to trial, Shakey’s was sold to Jacmar Companies of Alhambra, California, in 2004. Jacmar had been the franchisee of 19 Shakey’s restaurants. At the time Hunt International bought Shakey’s in 1974, the restaurant chain had approximately 500 stores throughout the United States, including a store as far east as Cockeysville, Maryland. As of 2008, there were 63 stores total, with 55 of them in California. As of June 4, 2011, there are 58 Shakey’s restaurants in the US. 51 are located in California, the remainder are located in Auburn, Alabama; Nogales, Arizona; Warner Robins, Georgia; Waipahu, Hawaii; American Fork, Utah; Renton, Washington; and Spokane, Washington. Shakey’s has begun to open new franchises in new and existing territories. The most recent Shakey’s opened was in American Fork, Utah, with a buffet available open to close. Shakey’s in Iowa, Illinois and Northwest Indiana also featured an all day buffet in the 80’s. Other locations typically offer a weekday lunchtime buffet only.

Pros and cons of working at home Essay

Many people work at home using modern technology today. Some people think only the worker benefit from this, not the employers. To what extent do you agree or disagree? Essay: Technology is rapidly changing everything in the world, including the way people work. Working at home, as a new mode of work enabled by internet and multimedia technologies, is getting increasingly popular in some industries, especially the burgeoning IT sector. However, people have differing views on this new work mode. For example, it is believed that it only benefits employees, rather than the employers. I tend to agree with this view to large degree.Among all the differing views people have on this new work mode, I’m very inclined to the view that it only benefits employees, rather than employers. Apparently, by no means can the benefits of working at home for employees cannot be denied. To start with, nothing can be more comfortable and relaxing than working in their one’s own homes which are the most familiar environment to them. They He even can even settle back in their his soft sofa in his living halls, and drink have their his favouritefavorite drinks, or even enjoy an exciting action movie while working on their laptops. In addition, they an employee also havecould have much time to spend with their his family if theyhe could do his work at home. This new mode of work might be the most effective remedy for many family problems that are caused by the lack of time to be with family.They even can have meals with spouse and kids or see them anytime they like. Furthermore, an employ working at home could be saved working at home can save employees much expense and time that would spent on their way to and from work every day. However, what is unfair to employers is that they can hardly benefit from this new work mode, except that some overhead, like office rent and water/electricity bills, can be saved. The most unfavourable worrying problem of this new mode has to do with team building. A lack of face-to-face communication between team members employees that work at their own homesdue to their different locations, can could essentially undermine the team spirit and also is also likely to cause problemscreate barriers for in collaboration and cooperation between them team members. Similarly, it also could set intangible obstacle hurdles to team managers in their day-to-day team management, for it. It will bewould be rather difficult for mangers to supervise employees and monitor their performance. In  conclusion, although technology makes working at home mode possible, the only one beneficiary of this advancement is the employees. What employers and manager can get from it is will be nothing but troubles in the end.

Jane Cazneau Essay

Hudson posits a Native American grandmother, although there is no solid evidence of this. Her first marriage apparently dissolved, but there is no divorce record. She may or may not have had an affair with Aaron Burr, an early mentor. Hudson’s most significant claim is that Jane Storm is the journalist who coined the phrase â€Å"manifest destiny† (pp. 60-62). Hudson argues that later historians have simply assumed that John O’Sullivan wrote the Democratic Review’s many unsigned editorials. But Hudson’s computer analysis (Appendix B) of O’Sullivan’s and Storm’s signed works shows that the grammatical errors in the famous editorial that first contained the phrase exhibit a much closer correlation with those commonly made by Storm than with those made by O’Sullivan. What is certain is that she migrated to pre-revolutionary Texas and speculated in land grants and immigration schemes. Writing under the pen name â€Å"Montgomery† (later, â€Å"Cora Montgomery†), Storm became a regular correspondent of Moses Y. Beach’s New York Sun. When war broke out, Storm accompanied Beach and his daughter on a covert peace mission to Mexico in late 1846. The Beach mission has long been clouded with uncertainty about its purposes and accomplishments, and so Storm’s role in it is similarly in doubt. Nonetheless, she was clearly an important element, as neither of the Beaches knew Spanish and President James K. Polk had a private interview with her after her return. After the war, Storm continued to favor U. S. xpansion into Latin America and the Caribbean, especially through annexation. Although Hudson maintains that Storm was not a strong proponent of â€Å"All Mexico† during the U. S. -Mexican War, some have credited her with leading the movement. She had contact with Cuban, Mexican, and Nicaraguan filibustering groups. She married diplomat Williams L. Cazneau in 1849 after a long acquaintance but still worked as a journalist for numerous publications, wrote about her travels, and r emained active in Democratic Party politics. She secured a diplomatic mission to the Dominican Republic for her husband and worked with him to gain U. S. access to Samana Bay. Jane Storm Cazneau died in a shipwreck during a storm at sea in 1878. Many questions about her activities and the extent of her influence remain unanswered. Barring the emergence of new documentary collections, Hudson’s biography is the most complete picture of her life we are likely to have. As such it is a useful addition to the literature on nineteenth-century U. S. expansionism.